January 22, 2026 | UR Gate
Lycopene (C40H56) Structure, Properties and Nomenclature
Discover Lycopene (C40H56), a vibrant red carotenoid. Learn its structure, key properties, IUPAC name, synonyms, and its powerful antioxidant role, particularly in prostate health, found in tomatoes and other red fruits.
What is Lycopene (C40H56)?
Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid pigment and a powerful antioxidant, chemically similar to beta-carotene but without the beta-ring structures. It is found predominantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as watermelons, pink grapefruits, and guavas, giving them their characteristic color. Lycopene is known for its significant health benefits, particularly its role in protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Research suggests it may play a role in reducing the risk of certain cancers, especially prostate cancer, and in supporting cardiovascular health. Its molecular structure features an extensive chain of conjugated double bonds, which is responsible for its deep red color and potent antioxidant activity.
Properties of Lycopene (C40H56)
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₄₀H₅₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 536.87 g/mol |
| Density | Not readily available for the solid form. |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes upon heating (it is a solid and sublimes). |
| Melting Point | 170–175 °C (decomposes) |
| Hybridization | Carbons involved in the conjugated double bond system are predominantly sp² hybridized, contributing to its planarity and color. The methyl groups attached are sp³ hybridized. |
| Appearance | Red crystalline solid |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in nonpolar organic solvents like hexane, benzene, and chloroform. |
Nomenclature of Lycopene
- Common name: Lycopene
- IUPAC name: (all-E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22-undecaene
Synonyms
- (all-E)-Lycopene
- (E,E,E,E,E,E,E,E,E,E,E)-Lycopene
- C₄₀H₅₆
- Lycopen
- Solaniculture
